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They state that the FRB allows the total amount of material encountered, bit not the distribution, while later stating it will allow them to study structure in the galactic halo. How can they get both?

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gut = linked to brain in ways we will not fully understand for decades, if ever.

kill the good gut tiny winy's,...and there you go.

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Background: The relationship between vitamin intake and depression has attracted increasing attention. However, several studies examining such relationship among populations at different age groups have produced inconsistent findings. This study was aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between vitamin K intake and depressive symptoms in US adults.

Methods: We used the data from a nationally representative sample of 11,687 adults from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Vitamin K intake was assessed by the 24-h dietary recall at the first day. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Logistic regression and generalized additive model were used to examine the association between vitamin K intake and depressive symptoms.

Results: The weighted prevalence of depressive symptoms was 10.2% (8.0% in men and 12.0% in women). We observed a significant inverse linear relationship between vitamin K intake and depressive symptoms in models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational status, family poverty income ratio (PIR), home status, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, physical activity, sleep disorders, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. The odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) for the highest compared with the lowest quartile of vitamin K intake was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52, 0.89, p-trend < 0.05). The association was similar in subgroups stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, educational status, PIR, home status, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, sleep disorders, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes.

Conclusion: Vitamin K intake was inversely and independently associated with the odds of depressive symptoms in the US adults. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings.

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Most people we interact with are people we already know. So the mask would have no affect because we already know their mood by word choice, inflection, and body language.

I'd hedge my bets on it being because most adults are over the age where schizophrenia onset is a potential worry

You can do many things to control blood sugar and to lower cholesterol not just cannabis so it’s not strictly some sort of panacea, but research shows it can help.

What confuses me about what you wrote is basically the idea that some kind of conspiracy exists to deny adolescents cannabis. There have been studies on the affects of cannabis on the adolescent brain for example This one from 2011 shows differences in brain tissue integrity following heavier marijuana use does predict future risky behaviors such as increased marijuana use and aggressive and delinquent behaviors many observational studies in humans imply a link between teen marijuana use and poor outcomes but are clouded by several potential confounding variables, such as socioeconomic circumstances or family mental health history. There does need to be more research but I doubt the conclusion will ever be “it’s so beneficial we recommend all children between 13-17 take it.” It’s always better to err on the side of caution and wait until their adults and brain has fully developed.

Smallpox is an offshoot of a horse/camel disease, so no horses meant no smallpox which meant the natives were unprepared when the Europeans and others brought smallpox and horses.

Horses are one of the multitude of North American megafauna that disappeared during the Pleistocene extinction event. There are no volcanic events that are believed to have directly caused the extinction of horses or other large mammals.

Research Paper (open access): Early dispersal of domestic horses into the Great Plains and northern Rockies

Just because it has effective medical use for adults does not mean it is perfectly safe and fine for adolescents. Delta9 THC is still psychoactive. There is a reason they don't sell SSRIs over the counter, too. Don't get me wrong, I use sublingual cbd/thc myself, but I'm not going to pretend that there isn't a possibility that using a psychoactive could have a negative effect on the brain.

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Ok, so first, I think Frontiers is trash. I am very biased against them. Disclosure : )

Where the heck is this 70K coming from? The consort shows 42k, and only 11k included, and 860 with depression.

So the REAL important sample size is 860 with depression. Compared to 10k without... but the focus on odds ratio may alleviate the sample size difference problems.

Also t he depressed and non depressed groups differ on almost EVERYTHING. So why the focus on this diet effect. They have different BMI, blood pressure, age, gender. You can't necessary jsut 'covary' those out. They could have run a sensitivity analysis limiting that 10k non depressed people to a sample matched across other variables. There are challenges here too but... would have strengthen the results.

Lastly, the measure of depression is weak at best, and not at all diagnostic. But that's very typically a challenge of cohort studies.

Some interesting findings maybe, but if I had to rate it (I don't but I'm gonna), C+.

EDIT PS: Seriously, where the hell does that 70k in the abstract come from? Seems so deceptive to me!

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I'm not surprised at a paper published in frontiers is using it not particularly well thought out or established simplistic measure of something complicated.

Thanks for this

Notice that these well known beneficial effects on blood sugar, blood pressure, pulse and gut health from cannabis are always left out when discussing whether or not there is genuine harm in adolescent cannabis use. When it comes to adolescent use, the razor sharp focus is strictly on changes that take place in the brain while the beneficial effects on the rest of the body are ignored.

If cannabis use is beneficial for the health of adults, why are we to believe there is some special case with adolescents that causes them to be harmed by this otherwise beneficial therapeutic with generalized benefits to health?

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I don't know enough about this to know if a 70% recovery rate is good. What is the recovery rate with current technology? This sounds promising, but can it be scaled?

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Bookmark. Ambiguity averse: make stuff up. Quite concrete fixed, make stuff ip. Tolerant: abstract fluid. Truthful

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